High-gain 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna For Lora

What is a High-gain 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna For Lora?

The High-gain 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna Lora CTRF-ANTENNA-FB-8593-20600-N is an 8dbi fiberglass antenna that supports an 850-930MHz LoRa antenna manufactured by C&T RF Antennas Inc for outdoor Lora/LoraWan applications.

Some concepts in LoRaWAN.

1. Duty cycle

Duty Cycle has the following meaning in the field of telecommunications.

In a sequence of ideal pulses (e.g. a square wave), the ratio of the duration of a positive pulse represents 1 to the total period of the pulse.

For example, a pulse train with a pulse width of 1 µs and a signal period of 4 µs has a duty cycle of 0.25.

The ratio of the time occupied by a pulse to the total time during a continuous period of operation.

In CVSD modulation (continuously variable slope delta modulation), the average ratio of bits is “1” (not completed).

In periodic phenomena, the ratio of the time the phenomenon takes place to the total time.

For square waves or other applications, this is often referred to as the duty cycle or work cycle.

In this context it can be understood as follows: the ratio of the time1 that the node transmits LoRaWAN data to the transmitting cycle is the duty cycle.

The duty cycle is another representation of the cycle, and the ratio is used to dynamically constrain the node’s transmit cycle. The node may not start the next cycle until after the current cycle has ended.

For example, if the duty cycle of band 470 is 1% and a node takes 10 ms to send a set of data using this band, then the current transmission period of this node is T1. The node cannot send data again until the end of the current period, i.e. T1-10 ms.

T1=101%=1000ms

It must wait 1000-10=990ms before it can send again.

Note the time units in the calculation

2. Consistency check code (MIC)

The MIC in LoRaWAN is the four least significant bytes of the CMAC, which is described in the LoRaWAN protocol:

The MIC is calculated as follows [RFC4493]:

msg = MHDR | FHDR | FPort | FRMPayload

CMAC = aes128_cmac(NwkSKey, B 0 | msg)

MIC = cmac[0..3]

CMAC is an algorithm in AES, and the developer can directly call the AES library function, which is implemented in OpenSSL.

3. Lora networking architecture

The most important feature of LoRa is the physical layer or radio modulation that creates long-range communication connections, which is based on CSS modulation (Chirp Spread Spectrum).

Compared to traditional modulation techniques such as ASK and FSK, LoRa can greatly increase the communication range and CSS is characterized by long transmission distances and high interference resistance.

LoRa and LoRaWAN have better link budgets than other standard communication technologies, and a single gateway or base station can cover a large area, depending on the environment and interference at the location used.

LoRa is one of the popular technologies designed specifically for IoT wireless transmission and the LoRa network specification has the LoRa physical layer technology and the LoRAWAN open layer protocol.

The Outdoor Antenna 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna is manufactured by C&T RF Antennas Inc, the Lora internal antennas & Lora external antennas manufacturer in China.

C&T RF Antennas Inc provides the 15dBi Lora antenna, 11dBi Lora Antenna, 12dBi Lora antenna, 20dBi Lora antenna, 10dBi Lora antenna, 9dBi Lora antenna, 8dBi Lora antenna, 6dBi Lora antenna, 5.8dBi Lora antenna, 5dBi Lora antenna, 4dBi Lora antenna, 3dBi Glass Fiber Lora Antenna, 3dBi Lora antenna, 2.5dBi Lora antenna, 2dBi Lora antenna, etc.

C&T RF Antennas Inc provides the internal-external IoT & M2M antenna with many radio frequency bands such as Cellular, 6G, 5G, 4G, 3G, NB-IoT, GNSS, GPS, Dual-band Wifi, 5.8 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 169MHz, 230MHz, 315MHz, 433MHz, 868MHz, 915MHz LoRa, UWB, RFID, ADS-B, etc.

We provide Lora antenna with other antenna types such as Through-hole Mount Antennas, Magnetic Mount Antennas, Rubber Duck Antennas, Fiberglass Antennas, PCB Antennas, FPC Antennas, Spring Antennas, etc.

The Omni High-gain 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna Lora antenna is available at C&T RF Antennas Inc. C&T RF Antennas Inc offers 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna Lora antenna inventory, 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna Lora antenna pricing, & 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna Lora antenna datasheets or the other Lora antenna types.

High-gain 8dBi Fiber Glass Antenna Lora Antenna Specifications

Fiberglass antenna features and applications

How do you mount a LoRa antenna?